Time Management

Why Should I Care?

College students have a lot to think about and a lot to do. Organizing and managing your time goes a long way to improving your success as a student.

This lesson has 3 parts

• Setting Priorities
• Sleep & Nutrition
• Scheduling
  

What is Time Management?

Time management is about using your time wisely, so that your body and mind are in balance, and you can do the best that you can in anything you choose to do. The first step in managing your time is not to make a schedule.

• Setting Priorities

The first step is to identify your priorities, and quantity how much time you want to have for them. Everyone is different, so there is no ultimate answer to this question of priorities. As a college student, no one should tell you what your personal priorities are. You have to figure that out for yourself, and live with them!

The following video is about the Big Rocks First story, which is a well-known story many university professors tell their students on the first of day of school. The story was made very popular by best-selling author Stephen Covey. The point of the story is to identify the big rocks in your life and make them a priority. You won't run out of time for most of the other stuff, because, like sand an water, the less important things can find their way almost anywhere.

Big Rocks First

What are your big rocks?

Let's say your family situation is complicated. You might have responsibilities towards your siblings, an elder, or any other family member. You have to decide what your priorities are. If family comes first in your life, that's your call.

Let's say you are in a romantic relationship. You might learn that "Absence Makes the Heart Go Yonder". You've got to be present for this relationship to work! That takes time!

Let's say you need money. This is a very legitimate concern. You will need to decide on the value of things, and how much resources you can assign to earning income. If you need money for food and lodging, it would be absolutely understandable that taking care of this would supersede time for school. It's your decision.

There is one thing that you should consider to be a top priority: sleep. Everyone needs at least six hours of sleep each night, and young adults may need as much as 10 hours per night. More on this later.

What about everything else? Can I have time to play sports, hang out with my friends, go clubbing, watch TV or play video games? Aren't these things important for my personal well-being?

We can't answer these questions for you. Hopefully, your life is going to be fulfilling, rewarding, fun and exciting. However, these choices about using your time are yours to make. Welcome to adulting!

Whatever your priorities, the important thing is that you clearly state them, and quantify the time you need to fulfill them. You will have to make choices, because there may not be enough hours during the week to do everything!

Activity - It's your life!

Here is a list of activities you might have in your life.
Assign a Rock size to each (Big Rock, Pebble, Sand). 
Assign number of Hours per week you would need for each item.
Count the total hours.
If it exceeds 168, you will have to reduce some activities.
If it is below 168, you've got some free time.

Item	Rock size	Hours per week
Going to class
Commute
Sleep
Homework - assignments
Studying for tests
Socializing with friends
Taking care of someone
Self-care - spirituality
Sports and physical activity
Paid work
TV / Reading / Gaming
Eating meals
Total hours		/ 168 hours

• Sleep & Nutrition

School is about learning and performing in assessments such as tests. This is a physical performance that involves your brain. And your brain needs sleep to recharge, sort out all of the information you are taking in everyday, and perform. A student living without sleep is like an athlete performing with no training, and poor nutrition.

How much sleep do you need?

Ask you doctor! Of course this is a personal question and the answer will vary for each individual. However, most young adults need at least 6 hours of sleep per night, and as much as 10 hours, if not more. Sleep professionals offer the following tips:

1. Have a regular pattern of sleep
   You body likes regular patterns. Try to get to bed every night at the same time, and get up every morning at the same time. Too much variation will throw your body out of balance.
2. The darker and quieter the better
   If you live in the city, the lights and sounds at night can hinder your quality of sleep. You can try a few things to improve the environment. Try really dark blinds to cover your windows, try a sleep mask over your eyes, or try a white-noise machine to cancel other sounds.
3. Sleep enough hours
   Doctors will recommend from 8 to 10 hours of sleep for teens and young adults. This is personal and we recommend that you simply get to bed early if you need more sleep. You can monitor your sleep patterns with an application on your phone to have precise measurements of your personal habits.

What kinds of foods should I eat?

Your diet is your choice and we are not here to tell you what to eat. Nutrition is a complex issue. Nutrition has to do with personal tastes, cultural backgrounds, family traditions, religion, your preferences, recent trends, the cost of groceries, and your interest for cooking. This is a book about student success, not a cookbook!

First things first, we don't recommend starting a restrictive diet in the middle of the semester, especially during your exam week. Your body needs fuel. Athletes who seem very slender actually eat enormous amounts of food. Food is fuel. Your brain needs fuel.

This said, there are foods that you will crave when you are studying alot. Some people find they eat more starchy foods during their exam week, such as pasta, mashed potatoes, and bread. The best advice here is to eat moderately and diversify what is in your plate. Experts, such as the Harvard Medical School recommend very specific foods to improve your cognitive abilities.

1. Green, leafy vegetables
   Such as lettuce, cabbage and spinach. Vitamin K, lutein, folate, and beta carotene.
2. Fatty fish
   Salmon, cod, canned light tuna, and pollack. Omega-3 fatty acids.
3. Berries
   Strawberries, Raspberries, Blueberries, Flavonoids.
   
4. Tea and coffee
   Caffeine is good for memory, and concentration.
   
5. Walnuts
   Nuts are generally good, but walnuts were shown to help memory.
   

As you can see, the emphasis here is not on protein, but on specific vitamins, nutrients and acids that help the brain. This does not mean you should avoid regular meals, but make adjustments to your diet so that you have the physical energy, and the brain power, to study as best you can.

• Scheduling

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• Studying
  

References and Further Reading

Covey, Stephen R.; Merrill, A. Roger; & Merrill, Rebecca R. (1996). First Things First. Free Press.

McCue, D. (2019). Lack of sleep is 'epidemic' among Canadian teens. Here's why it has doctors worried. CBC News. https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/national-sleep-deprivation-teenagers-youth-learning-1.4929842